This review presents an assessment of lithium-ion battery technologies related to lithium iron phosphate (LFP) and lithium manganese iron phosphate (LMFP), with particular emphasis on their role in electric vehicle (EV) applications. Although previous publications have extensively investigated individual components of the LFP/LMFP value chain, an integrated review spanning the complete lifecycle of these batteries, from raw material extraction to battery pack manufacturing, has remained unavailable. To address this gap, this paper systematically examines each stage of the production pathway. It first discusses the critical raw materials, including lithium, iron, manganese, and phosphorus, covering their global availability, extraction technologies, and future supply requirements driven by battery demand. It then evaluates the major iron- and manganese-based precursor compounds, such as metallic iron, iron oxides, iron phosphate, ferrous sulfate, and manganese sulfate, with respect to their production routes, suitability for cathode synthesis, and impact on the structural and electrochemical properties of LFP and LMFP cathodes. The review subsequently investigates the principal synthesis technologies used to produce olivine cathode materials, including hydrothermal, molten-state, and solid-state processes, highlighting both laboratory advances and industrial practices. Downstream manufacturing steps, including electrode fabrication, electrolyte development, cell assembly, and module and pack integration, are also examined. Finally, the paper discusses the technical, economic, and environmental challenges that influence the large-scale deployment of olivine-based lithiumion batteries, with particular attention to safety, manufacturing cost, energy consumption, and greenhouse gas emissions. By connecting every stage of the supply and manufacturing chain, this review provides a comprehensive ”mine-to-chassis” perspective on LFP and LMFP battery technologies and identifies the opportunities and challenges associated with their commercialization in the EV sector.